Vildagliptin and Insulin Combinatorial Therapy Drug Safety Monitoring in Diabetic Rats

Background: Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus is a long term metabolic disorder that is characterized by high blood sugar, insulin resistance, and lack of insulin. Based on the understanding of the pathogenesis of T2DM, several distinct pharmacological therapies have been developed but many of them are producing significant adverse drug reactions. Objectives: The present study helps to understand the progression of hepatic degeneration in diabetes mellitus upon treatment with vildalgliptin and insulin. This study is aimed to evaluate the toxicity of combined therapy of vildagliptin and insulin in alloxan induced diabetic rats. Methods: Adult male albino Wistar rats were distributed among 5 groups, and induced diabetes with alloxan. The alterations in glucose metabolizing enzyme activities were determined spectrophotometrically in the liver homogenate and confirmed by histological study. The hematological count has been carried out in all experimental groups to understand the toxicity of combinatorial therapy. Results: The histopathological studies showed pathological changes in the cellular architecture and microcytic hepatic nuclei. The level of haemoglobin, red blood cells and platelet count has been lowered drastically when compared to the monotherapy showing that the combinatorial therapy makes the animal anaemic. The level of lymphocytes has been considerably reduced in the combinatorial therapy showing the loss of immunity. The glucose metabolizing enzymes have been significantly altered showing the glucose metabolism is severely affected in combinatorial therapy showing it was not properly metabolized. Conclusion: The above studies have clearly proves that vildagliptin and insulin drug therapy shows toxicity on metabolic organs and blood cells. So our studies will be really helpful for developing new drugs which are devoid of adverse effects.