In vivo and in vitro Evaluation of Polymeric Gel Loaded with Biologically Synthesized Black Tea and Baliospermum solanifolium Silver Nanoparticle

Aim: The overall objective of the study was to synthesise and assess a polymeric gel that contained biologically synthesised Silver Nanoparticles (AgNPs). Materials and Methods: AgNPs were produced through the reduction of Silver Nitrate (AgNO3) with Black Tea and Baliospermum solanifolium extracts separately and evaluated for different parameters. The antibacterial activity of generated nanoparticles against Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Escherichia coli was assessed. Staphylococcus aureus was used to determine the Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) and Minimum Bactericidal Concentration (MBC) of AgNPs. D-optimal mixture design was used to optimise the formulation. The concentrations of black tea AgNPs, Baliospermum solanifolium AgNPs, gelling agent concentration, propylene glycol, and gelling agent type were used as independent factors, and responses for antibacterial activity, spreadability, and viscosity were assessed. The optimised formulation was tested for antifungal capability, in vitro release of drugs, ex vivo permeation, and In vivo wound-healing efficacy (MRSA-infected skin wound model). For its In vivo wound-healing activity and antibacterial efficacy, an Optimised formulation of Black tea and Baliospermum solanifolium Nano Particles Gel (OBBNG) was assessed against commercially available cream. Results: The mean diameters of black tea AgNPs and Baliospermum solanifolium AgNPs reported 137.8 and 105.6 nm, respectively. The MIC values for black tea AgNPs and Baliospermum solanifolium AgNPs were 512 μg/mL and 256 μg/mL, respectively. The MIC for a mixture of black tea and Baliospermum solanifolium silver nanoparticles was 0.25:0.125 mg/mL. Conclusion: The OBBNG displayed superior antibacterial properties and wound-healing capability, as well as normal skin appearance and development of hair, as compared to the standard cream.