Formulation and Evaluation of Anxiolytic Activity of Nanogel of CSN1S2 Protein from Goat Milk

Objectives: This study is targeted at investigating the nanogel formulation of a protein from the milk of goat; CSN1S2 for anxiolytic activity in mice. Materials and Methods: After isolating CSNIS2, its nanogel was formulated by emulsification diffusion method. The nanogels' physical appearance, particle size, viscosity, spreadability, Zeta potential, particle size, Zeta potential, and in vitro diffusion profile were observed. Fourier transform infrared diffraction was used to characterize the structure of casein nanogels. The pharmacological screening of the formulation at 500 and 750 mg/kg was performed using Elevated Plus Maze test (EPM), Open Field Test (OFT) and Light and Dark Test (LDT) in mice. In addition, attempts have been conducted to explore the level of brain monoamine neurotransmitters like GABA and serotonin using flame fluorimeter. Results: The results from the models followed in the present study were interpreted and observed that the nanogels of the goat milk CSN1S2 protein significantly (p<0.001) exhibited anxiolytic activity in a dose dependent manner which was found to be well comparable the standard treatments; diazepam. An increase in brain GABA and decrease in brain serotonin concentration supported the anxiolytic activity of CSN1S2 protein. Conclusion: The findings of the current study indicate that goat milk CSN1S2 protein may possess anxiolytic activity by the elevated brain GABA and demoted brain serotonin concentration which provides scientific proof for its traditional argument.