Design, Optimization and Characterization of Newer Herbal Tablet Containing Momordica dioica Extract

Background: Momordica dioica (MD) is called the teasle gourd, spiny gourd, and kakrol. Among the important phytochemicals present in MD include alkaloids, flavonoids, phenolics, tannins, saponins, steroids, glycosides, and terpenes. These compounds have a high potential to cure many illnesses. Herbal plant extracts exhibit mucilage, high viscosity, and limited flowability qualities. It is challenging to create the herbal formulation because of these characteristics. Herbal medications may be one of the safest options with the fewest adverse effects. Objectives: Formulation and Optimization of a novel herbal tablet containing Momordica dioica extract by applying 32 factorial designs for the improvement of hardness and In vitro drug release. Materials and Methods: The tablets were made using Sodium Starch Glycolate (SSG) as a super disintegrant and Polyvinylpyrrolidone-K30 (PVP-K30) as a binder. The study was designed to optimize the formulation, and the model that resulted from that experiment was validated. Design Expert software 11 used a 3-level 2 factorial (32) design. Several pre- and post-compression characteristics were evaluated to determine the formulation's quality. Results: Formulated tablet batches B1 to B9 were tested for various parameters. It was discovered that the values ranged from 3.2 to 3.6 kg/cm2 in hardness, 5.9 to 6.2 mm in thickness, 735-765 mg in weight variation, 18 to 27 sec to wet the tablet, 16 to 19 min to disintegrate, 0.25 to 0.51% in friability, and 98 to 101% in drug content. The best drug release and hardness were achieved with PVP K 30 (6%) and SSG (6%). A promising batch was found as batch B5. Conclusion: The findings suggest that PVP-K30 and SSG are the two best excipients when making herbal tablets