Evaluation of the Antibiotic Prescribing Pattern and Related Adverse Drug Reaction in an India Tertiary Care Hospital: A Prospective Observational Study

Introduction: Antibiotics have important roles in human health, whereas irrational use of antibiotics is a major problem of public health that leads to resistance and ADRs. This study aimed to evaluate the prescribing pattern along with adverse drug reactions of antibiotics. Materials and Methods: A hospital-based prospective observational study was conducted on 960 patients from September 2021 to February 2022. All of the treatment charts were used to review for prescribed patterns of antibiotic drugs in infected patients, when required data were found processed and noted in performed data form. This data were included antibiotics ADRs, patients’ personal information and Antibiotics prescribed pattern details. Patients were under monitoring and followed up till discharged or shifted to other wards. Results: 56.87% were male and most ages were above 51. Diabetes mellitus and respiratory diseases were the most common diseases found among infected patients. The average of antibiotics used per patient was 2.09. Penicillins were the most prescribed antibiotics among patients and they were used mostly for prophylaxis and treatment of infection diseases and respiratory diseases. 25.62% of patients found with antibiotics ADRs (9.37% males, 16.25% females); Most of the ADRs belonged to penicillins (31.76%) and carbapenems (17.64%) and most organs affected by ADRs were GIT, skin and muscles; based on severity and causality 60% were moderate and 63.52% were probable. Conclusion: Antibiotics in high numbers and different classes were used and caused ADRs on patients to a lesser extent that indicates good quality of prescribing policies and requirements in process of the hospital.