Emerging Trends in Silver Nanoparticle Therapies for Breast Cancer: A Comprehensive Review

Breast cancer remains a ubiquitous malignancy affecting women across the world, especially in aggressive subtypes like triple-negative breast cancer and HER2-positive tumors. Although conventional modalities like chemotherapy and targeted monoclonal antibodies have improved outcomes, challenges including drug resistance and systemic toxicity persist. Recent advancements in nanotechnology, particularly the development of silver nanoparticles, have promising effects in cancer therapy due to their unique properties and targeted drug delivery. Silver nanoparticles possess potent anticancer activity through mechanisms such as oxidative stress, regulation of cellular metabolism, and targeted drug delivery through passive or active mechanisms. Eco-friendly green synthesis methods result in biological activities like anticancer, antibacterial, antiviral, and antifungal. This review highlights the delivery mechanisms of these AgNPs, emphasizing their emerging role as a novel and effective therapeutic option for breast cancer management.