Molar Incisor Hypomineralization (MIH): Literature Review and Case Report

Molar Incisor Hypomineralization (MIH) is a systemic defect on dental enamel, where the altered tissue may assume white, yellow or brown coloration, with a clear demarcation between the defect and the surrounding normal enamel. The etiologies have not been fully defined and early diagnosis is extremely important, since it can occur rapidly disintegrating dental structure, causing acute symptoms and making treatment difficult. Management of MIH is challenging, since the clinical appearance and individual need for treatment vary widely. To perform a literature review about MIH, highlighting the characteristics of the pathology, etiological factors, diagnosis and treatment, as well as reporting conduct used in a clinical case. A patient, 10 years old, male, norm systemic, attended at the Pedodontic Clinic, at the Federal University of Ceará-Sobral, in Brazil, was searching for dental care treatment. At the clinical examination, it was observed that the patient had an open bite and was a mouth breather. After radiographic taking and visual inspection, the clinical diagnosis of MIH was reached. The treatment plan was established, which consisted in definitive resin restoration composed of elements 16, 26, 36 and 46, for later orthodontic intervention. In the second treatment session, restoration was performed in composite resin of dental element 36. The restoration was performed with Resin Composite Opallis (A3), incrementally. Posterior finishing and occlusal adjustment were performed. Although the etiology is still uncertain, it is important to establish a correct and early diagnosis, so that the most appropriate treatment can be instituted, depending of the severity.