A Piroxicam Inclusion Complexation for Solubility Enhancement: Design and Development

Background: Over last few years, the physical and chemical characteristics of inclusion complexes have generated a lot of attention. One of the most important reasons for this is the significance of enzyme-substrate and drugreceptor interactions in inclusion complexes. Materials and Methods: The aim of the study was to design Piroxicam’s inclusion complexation, to improve its solubility by the reduction of particle size which leads to improve the particle surface area thereby increases the wettability of the mixture. Physical mixture, co-grinded mixture, kneading and solvent evaporation method were used to prepare the inclusion complexation of Piroxicam with β-cyclodextrin at 1:0.5, 1:1, and 1:2 w/w (Piroxicam/β-cyclodextrin) ratios. Results: Differential scanning calorimetry, Fourier-transform infrared and X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy studies were used to investigate the interaction of Piroxicam with β-cyclodextrin. From scanning electron microscopic studies, it was observed that crystalline were formed as spherical in shape with rough surface, small piece and Pure Piroxicam in crystalline form with rough surfaces. From Scanning electron microscopic studies, it was observed that amorphous were formed as spherical in shape with smooth surface, wide piece and β-Cyclodextrine in amorphous form with rough surfaces. Conclusion: The inclusion complexations of Piroxicam with β-cyclodextrin exhibited higher saturation solubility and dissolution rate than that of the pure drug of Piroxicam. Formulation K2 showed more drug release rate by reducing the particle size with complexation technique like kneading technique.