An Impact of Patient Counselling in Terms of Quality of Life, Knowledge, Attitude and Practice in Subjects with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and Hypertension: A Cross-Sectional Study

Background

Diabetes mellitus and hypertension is a significant public health problem globally and is associated with a range of both short- and long-term consequences. The global diabetes prevalence in 2019 is estimated to be 9.3% (463 million people), rising to 10.2% (578 million) by 2030 and 10.9% (700 million) by 2045. To evaluate the impact of counselling in terms of quality of life, knowledge, attitude and practice in subjects with type 2 diabetes and hypertension.

Materials and Methods

It is a prospective observational cross-sectional study. The patients were randomized into case and control groups. Patient demographics were also noted. The patients in case group were counselled and given information on disease management at baseline, whereas the control group was provided counselling at the end of the study. They were also interviewed based on the questionnaires (KAP and QoL). The scores were evaluated and statistically analysed.

Results

In total of 116 participants, 47(40.52%) were female and 69 (59.48%) were male. The maximum number of participants were from 51-60 age group (37.07%). The KAP scores of the case group were improved from (Mean±SD) 2.485±0.088, 2.436±0.089 to 3.352±0.048 and 3.298±0.030 respectively, whereas no significant changes in the KAP scores of control group. The QoL of the patients were assessed using Short Form-12 (SF-12). The PCS and MCS were also assessed. The PCS of the case group were improved and no changes in the control group. There were no significant changes in MCS score of both the case and control groups.

Conclusion

Our study confirms that improvement in knowledge by counselling about the disease and its management helped to improve the quality of life in the patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and hypertension.