Development, Stability and Safety Evaluation of Lipstick Formulated with Butea monosperma

Background

Increasing safety concerns regarding synthetic colorants have promoted the development of herbal cosmetic formulations. Butea monosperma flowers are rich in natural pigments and bioactive compounds suitable for cosmetic use.

Objectives

The present study aimed to formulate and evaluate a herbal lipstick using the aqueous extract of Butea monosperma flowers as a natural colorant.

Materials and Methods

The extract was prepared by maceration and reflux extraction and incorporated into a wax-oil base. The formulation was evaluated for organoleptic properties, melting point, spreadability, stability, pH, skin irritation, and FTIR compatibility.

Results

The formulation exhibited desirable organoleptic properties, a melting point of 69.0±0.05ºC, good mechanical strength, excellent spreadability, and a smooth application profile. Stability studies conducted over 60 days at room and elevated temperatures indicated no changes in colour, odour, appearance, or textural attributes. The pH of the formulation was 6.8±0.01, which remained within the acceptable dermal range. Skin irritation studies revealed no signs of erythema or swelling, confirming its dermatological safety. FTIR analysis demonstrated the retention of major functional groups of the plant extract, indicating chemical compatibility and absence of degradation within the formulation.

Conclusion

Overall, the herbal lipstick showed promising aesthetic and functional characteristics, supporting the potential of Butea monosperma as a safe and effective natural colorant in cosmetic applications.