Bovine Milk Proteins and Human Health: Unveiling Interplay, Surmounting Challenges and Future Prospects

This review explores our current understanding of bovine milk proteins, examining their structural architecture and their impact on human health, particularly in enhancing milk quality. Recent advancements have illuminated the similarities between the bovine lactation genome and the regulators of human cell growth and physiology, revealing a complex interplay of cellular signalling pathways. These insights have paved the way for the development of milk protein-based functional foods tailored to specific health needs, with promising applications in precision medicine. This article not only unravels the complexities of milk proteins in transforming nutrition and health but also serves as a foundation for future innovations aimed at improving human well-being.