A Comprehensive Review on Medicinal Herbal Plant with Potential Hypolipidemic Activity

Hyperlipidaemia, characterized by elevated blood lipid levels, is a significant risk factor for cardiovascular diseases. While traditional pharmacological treatments are available, their effectiveness and potential side effects highlight the need to explore alternative approaches. Herbal plants have attracted attention due to their variety of bioactive compounds with therapeutic potential. This review aims to provide an overview of the lipid-lowering effects of several herbal plants, discussing their mechanisms of action and available clinical evidence. Notable herbs such as garlic (Allium sativum), ginger (Zingiber officinale) and green tea (Camellia sinensis) have shown potential in reducing lipid levels by modulating enzymes involved in lipid metabolism, inhibiting cholesterol absorption and enhancing lipid excretion. The findings suggest that numerous phytochemicals may offer therapeutic benefits for managing hyperlipidaemia. In addition, an analysis of 83 compounds indicates that 60 adhere to Lipinski’s Rule of Five and Veber’s Rule, suggesting that these compounds possess optimal physicochemical properties, which could make them viable candidates for future treatments of hyperlipidaemia.