Ethnopharmacological Evaluation of Thottea siliquosa: Phytochemical Profile, Antioxidant, and Antibacterial Activities

Background

Thottea siliquosa is an ethnomedicinal plant widely known for its antidiarrheal properties.

Objectives

We investigated the antibacterial and antioxidant properties of root, stem and leaves extracted using water, methanol, ethyl acetate, diethyl ether and hexane.

Materials and Methods

Qualitative and quantitative analysis was carried out to screen the major metabolites followed by bioactivity assays. Antioxidant activity was analysed using DPPH, ABTS and FRAP assays. Agar well diffusion and broth microdilution assay was carried out to determine the antibacterial activity.

Results

Methanolic extract of root showed good antioxidant activity against DPPH (IC₅₀ at 0.03 mg/mL), Methanol extract of the stem showed high activity (0.01 mg/mL) against ABTS. Higher ferric reducing activity was recorded in diethyl ether extract of leaf (2.80±0.01). MIC of various extracts were observed between 0.03-0.25 mg/mL against four tested bacterial strains.

Conclusion

High antioxidant and antibacterial activity of the plant validated its ethnomedicinal importance in treating various human ailments. High antioxidant and antibacterial activity of the plant suggest that the plant is an excellent candidate for drug discovery.