A Comprehensive Review of the Phytochemistry, Cultivation and Therapeutic Uses of Roman Chamomile

This review highlights the chemical constituents and traditional uses of Roman chamomile (Chamaemelum nobile L.), a botanically separate but equally useful member of the Asteraceae family compared to its counterpart, German chamomile. The ancestry of Roman chamomile is intertwined with recipes for the relief of anxiety, the uplift of mood and the speed up of wound healing due to this plant’s distinctive array of bioactive compounds. It is solely composed of the terpenoids like bisabolol, matricin and chamazulene, also the flavonoids like apigenin, luteolin, quercetin and kaempferol. Cultivation techniques, from traditional methods to modern innovations such as precision agriculture, hydroponics and controlled-environment agriculture, are analyzed to optimize yield and essential oil content. This, therefore, highlights Roman chamomile’s potent antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, analgesic, antibacterial, antidepressant, antipyretic, anti-allergic and anxiolytic capabilities. Roman chamomile is already known for its rich phytochemistry and ancient uses. This allows us to explore its huge alternative medicine potential in the treatment of different health conditions.