In vitro Assessment of Antibacterial Potential of Chrozophora rottleri Fruit Different Extracts against Common Pathogens

Aim: To assess the antibacterial properties of Chrozophora rottleri fruit extracts against three common pathogenic bacteria, Bacillus subtilis, Enterococcus faecalis and Serratia marcescens. Materials and Methods: Chrozophora rottleri fruit was extracted using petroleum ether, chloroform and ethanol solvents. Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) experiment was done to identify the minimum inhibitory concentration of each extract against bacterial growth. Zone of Inhibition (ZOI) experiment was done to evaluate the clear area around each extract on agar plates, suggesting its antibacterial activity. Results: All samples exhibited antibacterial activity against a minimum of one bacterial strain. Ethanolic extract displayed the maximum antibacterial activity with MIC values ranging from 0.05-50 μg/mL and ZOI values reaching 18.66 mm. Chloroform extract demonstrated modest efficacy against certain bacteria, with MIC values up to 50 μg/mL and ZOI values up to 7.33 mm. Petroleum ether extract demonstrated the least effectiveness, with no inhibition against E. faecalis and little action against other strains. Conclusion: The ethanolic extract of Chrozophora rottleri fruit has demonstrated considerable antibacterial activities against several pathogenic bacteria, demonstrating its potential as a substitute or additional therapy to traditional antibiotics. Further study is needed to discover the particular bioactive components.