Exploring the Pharmacological Potential of Pandanus tectorius Floral Extract: An Investigation of its Therapeutic Activities and Bioactive Compounds

Background: Recent scientific research has shed light on the potential medicinal benefits of edible and wild floral extracts. Materials and Methods: The antioxidant activity of root, stem, leaf, bract and floral extracts of P. tectorius was investigated using DPPH, ABTS●+, Superoxide, FRAP and Phosphomolybdenum assay. The extract with the highest antioxidant activity was further subjected to antibacterial, anti-inflammatory and alpha-amylase inhibition assays. Results: P. tectorius floral extract had the highest TPC (346.65±0.30 mg/g GAE), TFC (143.29±0.22 mg/g QE) and antioxidant activity when compared to root, leaf, bract and stem extracts. Amongst all tested bacterial strains, the highest antibacterial activity was observed against Micrococcus luteus, Proteus vulgaris and Staphylococcus aureus. The inhibitory effects on alpha-amylase (IC50=15.12 μg/mL) and inflammation (IC50=70.19 μg/mL) were observed to increase dose-dependently. GC-MS analysis of P. tectorius floral extract showed the presence of sesquiterpenoid, flavonoid, diterpene, phenolic compounds, piperazine, yohimbine and oleic acid. Conclusion: The results of this research hold promise for improving the progress and integration of P. tectorius flowers in the cosmetics and pharmaceutical industries.