Biological Activities of Endophytic Fungus Cochliobolus sp.AL24 Isolated from Aerva lanata. L

Background: The plant Aerva lanata L belongs to the family Amaranthaceae and traditionally used in the treatment of rheumatism, kidney stones and malaria. In the present study endophytic fungus was isolated from A.lanata and screened of various extracts in vitro for their pharmacological potentials. Objective: To evaluate the antioxidant, antidiabetic and anti-inflammatory potentials of various extracts of endophytic fungus Cochliobolus sp from A. lanata. Materials and Methods: The fungus was identified using colony morphological and 18S rRNA sequencing technique. The 21 days grown endophytic fungus on potato dextrose broth was extracted sequentially with dichloromethane, butanol and methanol (marc) by cold extraction. The extracts were screened for qualitative and quantitative phytochemical analysis and evaluated their antioxidant activity by 2; 2- diphenyl-1-1 picryl hydrazyl radical scavenging assay. The antidiabetic activity was screened by alpha amylase assay. Also, the further evaluation of in vitro anti-inflammatory activity was done using heat induced egg albumin denaturation. Results: Based on colony morphology and molecular technique, the isolated endophytic fungus was identified as Cochliobolus sp. Preliminary phytochemical screening of various solvent extracts showed presence of alkaloids, phenolics, flavonoids and saponins. Methanolic extract exerts potent antioxidant, antidiabetic and anti-inflammatory potentials of 66.92±0.86, 61.76±1.07 and 62.51±1.27% respectively. Moderately found in dichloromethane extract followed butanol extract. The quantitative determination of total phenol and flavonoid content was found high in the methanol extract of 400.3±0.05 mg of gallic acid equivalent and 295.3±0.05 mg of rutin equivalent/g of extract respectively followed dichloromethane and butanol extract. Conclusion: The present studies showed that methanolic extract of endophytic fungus Cochliobolus sp possess significant antioxidant, antidiabetic and anti inflammatory potentials.