Piroxicam Loaded Solid Lipid Nanoparticles (SLNs): Potential for Topical Delivery

Aim: The objective of this study was to develop suitable lipid nanocarriers for topical delivery of Piroxicam, known for its anti-inflammatory and anti-arthritic properties and to increase its therapeutic potential and residence time at the site of inflammation and in systemic circulation. Materials and Methods: Piroxicam loaded Solid lipid nanoparticles (SLNs) were prepared by high-speed homogenization followed by ultrasonication technique. Physicochemical evaluation of SLNs involved particle size and zeta potential analysis, electron micrographic analysis, drug loading, entrapment and release studies. Drug excipient interactions were studied by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). Prepared nanoparticles were assimilated into a topical gel system and evaluated for viscosity, in vitro permeation properties and in vivo efficacy assessment by carrageenan induced rat paw edema study. Results: Evaluation of prepared SLNs revealed the particle size, drug loading, entrapment efficiency and in vitro release to significantly differ (p<0.05) with different lipid and surfactant concentrations present in formulations. SEM and TEM were useful aids in studying the morphology of the SLNs. FTIR and DSC revealed no likely interaction amongst the drug and/or any excipients. In vitro permeation and in vivo anti-inflammatory study of the SLN gel revealed it to be a sustained permeation system, maintaining drug concentration over an extended period of time and providing a better therapeutic potential on topical dermal application when compared with a free drug gel. Conclusion: Our results proved the suitability and capability of fabricated piroxicam loaded SLN gel system in treating arthritic pain and inflammation when delivered topically.