Assessment of Antihyperglycemic and Hypolipidemic Activities of Peel Extracts of Annona squamosa, Actinidia deliciosa and Other Two Fruits in Alloxan-induced Diabetic Rats

Objectives

This study aims to assess the potential antidiabetic properties of aqueous extracts derived from the peels of specific fruits, including A.squamosa, C. melo, A. deliciosa and M. pumila.

Materials and Methods

Male rats of the Wistar albino strain, weighing 180-200 g, were divided into 12 groups, with one group as the control. Diabetes was induced using alloxan, followed by treatment with fruit peel extracts and a polyherbal mixture. After a 28-day experimental window, the rats were euthanized and specimen pancreatic tissues and blood samples were analyzed.

Results

The findings indicated that blood glucose concentrations were substantially reduced by all selected extracts and the polyherbal mixture. Moreover, they demonstrated positive effects on serum lipid profiles, decreasing triglycerides, total cholesterol, LDL and VLDL, while increasing HDL levels and insulin concentrations. Notably, the polyherbal mixture and M. pumila (apple) peel extract exhibited robust anti-diabetic effects, even at lower doses, surpassing the other three extracts. Results were correlated strongly with histopathological analysis of pancreatic tissue.

Conclusion

This study highlights the considerable therapeutic potential of selected extracts of the fruit peels and their mixture in diabetes management. Their ability to mitigate pancreatic damage positions them as promising candidates for the development of potent antidiabetic agents.