Crispr Revolution: Cutting-Edge Biosensors and Nanomedicine for Precision Health

In recent years, biomedical research has resulted in innovative methods for precisely altering genomes, advancing personalized diagnostics and therapeutics through genetic engineering. The Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeat technique (CRISPR) is one of these techniques that have been developed to combat bacteria, fungi, parasites, viruses and genetic abnormalities. Biosensors based on CRISPR/Cas have traditionally been used to detect nucleic acids, but their potential to detect small molecules and disease-associated proteins has yet to be explored. Recent discoveries about genes that bind to nucleic acids have revolutionized genome editing. Despite this, challenges remain with current genetic engineering techniques, including viral vector reliance, immunogenicity, insertion oncogenesis and retention of transgenes. Using tailored polymeric nanoparticles as delivery vehicles for CRISPR/Cas9 components provides promising avenues for improving safety and efficacy. Using a combined nanomedicine approach, nanotechnology integration and CRISPR/Cas systems may open new therapeutic avenues, enabling early disease diagnosis and selective therapy.