Scientometric Evaluation of Open Science Readiness in Indonesian Institutional Repositories: Mapping Openness and Technical Maturity

Open Science readiness depends on the extent to which national research infrastructures embed openness, interoperability, and technical maturity. However, limited empirical evidence exists on how these dimensions co-evolve in Institutional Repository (IR) level, particularly in developing country context. This study provides the first large-scale, repository-level scientometric assessment of Open Science readiness by constructing an Open Science Readiness Index (OSRI) that integrates an Openness Index (OI) and a Technical Maturity Index (TMI). Using sixteen indicators adapted from the PathOS Open Science Indicators framework, we analyzed 384 randomly sampled institutional repositories from 11,288 IRs indexed in Indonesia One Search across 27 provinces. Scientometric, correlation, and regression analyses were applied to repository-level metadata and infrastructural attributes. The results indicate a national OSRI score of 0.70 reflecting moderate readiness, with disparities driven more by repository-level characteristics rather than provincial location. Repositories concentrated in Java and Sumatra generally exhibit higher levels of openness and technical maturity, while many repositories in peripheral regions demonstrate weaker policy formalization, metadata governance, and preservation practices. A strong correlation between OI and TMI (r=0.753, p<0.001) confirm their interdependence while regression analysis reveals a scale complexity effect, whereby larger repositories tend to exhibit lower of openness and technical maturity. By operationalizing open science readiness as an empirically measurable property of research infrastructures, the OSRI framework (Leaders, Technically Ready, Policy-Driven, Emerging) extends scientometric analysis beyond publication outputs and national aggregation. The proposed readiness typology (Leaders, Technically Ready, Policy-Driven, and Emerging) offers a transferable and comparative approach for assessing Open Science implementation across heterogeneous research ecosystems.