An In-Depth Investigation of Liver Diseases at a Tertiary Care Teaching Hospital

Background: Liver diseases encompass a range of conditions that affect the normal functioning of the liver. They can result from various causes, including viral infections, excessive alcoholism, genetic factors, etc. These conditions can lead to symptoms like jaundice, fatigue, and abdominal pain, and in severe cases, they can pose life-threatening risks. Timely diagnosis and appropriate management are essential to mitigate the impact of liver diseases and improve patients' quality of life. Hence, the present study is planned to investigate the prevalence, risk factors, and management of liver diseases in adults within a tertiary care teaching hospital. Materials and Methods: A prospective case analysis study was conducted at the Department of General Medicine and Gastroenterology between October 2021 and March 2022. A total of 90 cases were included in the study. Data were collected on patient demographics, risk factors, clinical presentation, diagnostic tests, and treatment modalities. Results: Alcoholic liver disease was most prevalent (48%) liver disease, followed by viral hepatitis (22%) and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (18%). Majority of patients were male (81%) and fell within the age group of 35 to 50 years (40%). Abdominal distention was the most common clinical complication (54%). Liver function tests and ultrasonography were the primary diagnostic tools. Ceftriaxone and Rifaximin were the most frequently prescribed medications. Conclusion: Chronic alcoholism remains a major liver diseases contributor. This study emphasizes the importance of preventive measures against alcohol consumption and provides valuable insights for healthcare professionals managing liver diseases effectively.