Formulation and Characterisation of Melatonin in situ Gel for Oral Application

Background

Melatonin in situ gel was formulated and tested to use in the bony defects. Intrabony defects are clinical presentation in some periodontal disease.

Materials and Methods

In situ gel containing 0.1% w/v Melatonin and chitosan as polymer was formulated by cold method using different concentration of chitosan and beta glycerol phosphate. Based on gelling time and gelling capacity in situ gel was optimized for further evaluation. Evaluation of the product for appearance, pH, gelling capacity, viscosity, in vitro release studies, drug content estimation, cytotoxicity test was performed.

Results

Examination revealed drug release, gelation temperature considerably decreased with increasing concentration of polymer. The resulting solution contained 1.5% (w/v) chitosan, 12-18% (w/v) β-Glycerol phosphate and 1.2% (w/v) drug and was maintained at 4ºC.

Conclusion

Periodontal regeneration involves activity of bone and fibroblasts. Melatonin impacts this action of the cells. It promotes bone formation and suppresses resorption. Clarity, pH, drug content of the prepared product was satisfactory. The formulations showed sustained drug release. This is essential accomplishment in treatment of periodontitis for bone regeneration.