Evaluation of Neuroprotective Potential of Water-Dispersible Turmeric Extract and Sustained-Release Ashwagandha Root Extract against B[A]P Induced Neurotoxicity in Zebrafish

Background: Numerous advantages of using herbs in the management of neurodegenerative disorders have been documented. Water-Dispersible Turmeric Extract Containing 60% Natural Curcuminoids (WDTE60N) and Sustained-Release Ashwagandha Root Extract (AshwaSR) are the herbal formulations prepared from the extracts of turmeric rhizome and Ashwagandha root, respectively. Benzo[a]pyrene (B[a]P), a polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon, has recently emerged as a neurotoxic compound that impacts zebrafish behaviour and triggers oxidative stress. This neurotoxic effect illustrates the link between oxidative stress and neurodegeneration, as well as the development of anxiety-like behaviours in zebrafish. This study aimed to investigate the neuroprotective potential of WDTE60N and AshwaSR against B[a]P-induced neurotoxicity in zebrafish. Materials and Methods: In geometric sequence, 5 different concentrations of each formulation were prepared and administered to zebrafish for 7 days via bath immersion technique. Before the administration of active concentration, fish were exposed to B[a]P for seven days. Neurobehavioral patterns were assessed by using novel tank diving test and light and dark box test. Results: Exposure to B[a]P for seven days reduced the locomotor activity of zebrafish and increased their preference for the lighter part of the glass tank. A notable increase in locomotor activity and higher preference for diving towards lower zone of tank was observed in the zebrafish treated with WDTE60N or AshwaSR. The histopathological findings showed that supplementation with these herbal formulations resulted in reduction in congestion of the corpus cerebella region of adult zebrafish brain. Conclusion: Collectively, WDTE60N and AshwaSR demonstrated neuroprotective potential against B[a]P-induced neurobehavioral alterations in the zebrafish.