Exploring Wide Range of Antimicrobial, Antioxidant and Cytotoxicity Profile of Acacia chundra. (Roxb) DC (Kheri Plant)

Background

Acacia chundra (Roxb.) DC (AC) is a xerophytic habitat plant. It is one of the important medicinal plants found in Asia, India and in the Indian Ocean area. In the present study, phytochemical analysis, antimicrobial, antioxidant and cytotoxicity potential of three solvent extracts of three parts (Leaves, Bark and Flower) of AC were assessed.

Materials and Methods

The antimicrobial potential was tested against 11 pathogenic bacteria and 4 pathogenic fungi by using REM assay, Antioxidant potential was assessed by DPPH and OH radical scavenging assay while cytotoxicity was tested by using Hemolytic assay.

Results

Qualitative phytochemical analysis revealed the presence of alkaloids, saponins, tannins, steroids, flavonoids, phenolics and terpenoids in all extracts except ACBC. In disk diffusion assay, all crude extracts samples possess good inhibitory potential against tested bacterial pathogens except ACLC, ACBC and ACFC. While ACBC doesn’t exhibited any antifungal potential whereas ACLE and ACFW showed low and remaining have moderate to good antifungal potential. Minimum inhibitory concentration was calculated by using REM assay manifest that ACLE, ACBE, and ACFE showed best MIC (3.25±0.01 µg/ mL) results towards selected panel of bacterial pathogens EC, BM, BS, PA, PAC, EF while all other extracts showed moderate to good (6.5±0.02 µg/ mL to 208.33±0.72 µg/ mL). On the other side, ACLC, ACBW, ACFE and ACFC showed good MIC (3.25±0.01 µg/ mL) results towards CA, AF, RHS and remaining have moderate to low (6.5±0.02 to 416.66±0.144 µg/ mL) inhibitory potential. The presence of phytocompound diversity was characterized by FTIR and UV spectrum which reveals presence of diverse phytochemicals.

Conclusion

The tested plant samples showed the best antimicrobial activity and so forth antioxidant and negligible cytotoxicity. These results suggest that phytocompounds present in the plants are effective against a range of bacterial pathogens including both Gram-positive and Gram-negative pathogens and fungal pathogens which causes wide infections to humans including oral, dermal, pulmonary and genital.