Yin‑Chen‑Hao‑Tang alleviates biliary obstructive cirrhosis in rats by inhibiting biliary epithelial cell proliferation and activation

Background: Yin‑Chen‑Hao‑Tang (YCHT) consists of three aqueous extracts from Artemisia capillaris, Gardenia sp., and prepared Rheum rhabarbarum (rhubarb) (3:2:1). YCHT is characterized by its anti‑inflammatory properties in liver regulation and relief of jaundice. We aimed to study the effects and mechanisms of action of YCHT on biliary obstructive cirrhosis. Materials and Methods: Secondary biliary fibrosis was induced in rats by bile duct ligation (BDL) and scission. One week after BDL, rats were randomly divided into a saline‑treated BDL or YCHT‑treated BDL group for 4 weeks. Liver function and hepatic hydroxyproline (Hyp) content were assessed. Types I and IV collagen (Col‑IV), laminin, fibronectin, alpha smooth muscle actin (α‑SMA), and proliferating cell nuclear antigen protein and messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA) expression were assessed with immunohistochemistry and real‑time polymerase chain reaction. Results: In the YCHT‑treated BDL group, serum total bilirubin, total bile acids, aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, and γ‑glutamyl transferase were lower than those in the sham‑operated BDL group. The proliferation of bile ducts in hepatic tissues and the Hyp content and Col deposition were also significantly lower than those in control rats. In addition, α‑SMA and Col‑IV staining was less obvious, and mRNA expression of Procol‑α1 (IV), platelet derived growth factor subunit B (PDGF)‑B, connective tissue growth factor, and transforming growth factor‑beta in proliferative biliary epithelial cells (BECs) in the YCHT‑treated BDL group was significantly lower than those in controls. Conclusions: YCHT effectively reduces the formation of biliary obstructive cirrhosis mainly via inhibition of BEC proliferation by down‑regulation of PDGF‑B mRNA expression, inhibition of BEC profibrogenic paracrines, and the epithelial‑mesenchymal transition pathological process.