Effect of compounds isolated from Filicium decipiens and Ventilago madraspatana against diabetic nephropathy in streptozotocin induced diabetic rats

Context: Diabetes mellitus is a group of syndromes characterized by hyperglycemia, altered metabolism of lipids, carbohydrates and proteins and an increased risk of complications from vascular diseases. Filicum decipiens Wight & Arn., (Sapindaceae) and Ventilago madraspatana Gaertn., (Rhamnaceae) are traditionally used for diabetic and other different folk medical uses. Objective: The present study compares the antihperglycemic activity exerted by methanolic extracts of Filicum decipiens (400 mg/kg), Ventilago madraspatana (400 mg/kg), rutin (100 mg/kg), quercetin (50 mg/kg) and combined treatment of rutin with quercetin (100 mg/kg+ (50 mg/kg) on diabetic rats. Material and methods: Methanolic extracts of Filicum decipiens and Ventilago madraspatana leaves were prepared and isolated by soxhlet and solubilization method. Rats were made diabetic by a single dose of streptozotocin (45 mg/kg i.p.). The animals with fasting blood glucose level more than 250 mg/dL were given methanolic leaves extract of Filicum decipiens (400 mg/kg), Ventilago madraspatana (400 mg/kg), quercetin (50 mg/kg), rutin (100 mg/kg) and rutin with quercetin (100 mg/kg + 50 mg/kg) were administered for 45 days and screened for antidiabetic activity. Results and discussion: After 45 days we observed that supplementation with combined dose of rutin and quercetin significantly (p<0.05) decreased glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1C) (6.01 mg/g ) and increased the levels of plasma insulin 11.98 μU/mL, hemoglobin 12.12 g/dL, urea 42.16 mg/dL, creatinine 1.41 mg/dL, plasma sodium141.00 mEq/L and urinary potassium 5.11 mEq/L and decrease the activities of enzymatic antioxidant upon STZ treatment and also significantly (p<0.05) reversed the altered levels and activities of above mentioned diabetic, renal and antioxidant markers in experimental rats as compared to their individual supplementation. Conclusion: Summed effect of quercetin with rutin seems to have a promising value for the development of a potent phytomedicine for diabetic nephropathy.