Evaluation of Antibiotics Resistance Pattern in Respiratory Tract Infections and Urinary Tract Infections in Tertiary Care Hospital

Background

The most prevalent infectious disorders are Urinary Tract Infections (UTI) and Respiratory Tract Infections (RTI), which are frequently related to morbidity and mortality. Due to improper antibiotic administration in these diseases, antibiotic resistance increased. This study aims to identify the patterns of antibiotic resistance in RTI and UTI.

Materials and Methods

An investigation of a prospective observational cross-sectional type of study was carried out at the government general hospital’s Department of general medicine between November 2021 and April 2022. The study included all patients of either gender over the age of 20 who had received at least one prescription for an antibiotic and had culture sensitivity test results. Information was gathered from the patient’s medical case sheet regarding demographics, primary complaints, current medication history, and the results of an antibiotic sensitivity test. Based on the culture sensitivity test, the most prevalent microorganisms isolated from RTI and UTI were identified, and the antibiotic resistance pattern was established.

Results

160 samples from the general medicine department of the government public hospital were processed during the study period (100 sputum samples and 60 urine samples). A total of 293 antibiotics were prescribed among 160 samples, of which 183 (62.5%) were prescribed for RTI and 50 (27.32%) were found to be resistant. 40 (36.3%) of the 110 antibiotics administered for UTIs were found to be resistant. The remaining 203 (69.26%) patients received suitable antibiotic prescriptions for RTI and UTI.

Conclusion

The isolates seen in recent years show the value of longitudinal surveillance data to identify shifts in antibiotic resistance trends, and it is not entirely excluded that the movements may pick up again.