Fabrication and in vitro Evaluation of Biotin Conjugated Iron Oxide Nanoparticle for Breast Cancer Therapy

Background

Cancer is the most lethal disease in humans, accounting for one out of every six fatalities. The most frequent type of cancer among women is breast cancer, followed by cervix cancer. Iron oxide nanoparticles, due to their superparamagnetic traits, are one of the most widely used nanomaterials for diagnosing and treating breast cancer. For site-specific medication delivery, biotin was coupled with magnetite nanoparticles.

Materials and Methods

The dextran-coated IONP was synthesized by a simple coprecipitation process and biotin was attached to the surface of dextran via a carboxylic/amine group. X-ray Diffractometer, Thermal gravimetric Analysis, Fourier Transformed Infrared Spectrometer, Atomic Force Microscopy and Vibrating Sample Magnetometer were used to investigate the structural, morphological, and magnetic properties of the produced materials.

Results and Discussion

The iron oxide nanoparticle particle size was determined to be 325 nm. The MTT assay of IONPs and dextran-coated biotin-conjugated IONPs with low IC50 values of 24.18 μg/mL and 1.66 μg/mL exhibit cytotoxicity toxicity against MCF 7 cells, whereas the cytotoxicity of biotin-linked IONPs higher when compared with pure iron oxide.

Conclusion

Iron oxide nanoparticle and dextran-coated biotin-conjugated iron oxide nanoparticle results confirmed the anti-breast cancer efficacy on human breast cancer cells by causing effective cytotoxicity and ensuring the drug delivery to a specific site.