Advancements in Precision Medicine for Imaging and Pharmacotherapy in Atherosclerosis: Recent Discoveries and Emerging Technologies

Atherosclerosis is a primary factor in many cardiovascular diseases. Current treatments lack effectiveness in reducing the risk and progression of the disease, highlighting the need for better preventive measures. Precision medicine in cardiology offers personalized and patient-centered approaches to disease prevention and treatment. Innovations like machine learning and AI-assisted therapies are being explored to combat atherosclerosis, drawing from network medicine principles. This personalized approach involves analyzing gene regulation, metabolic pathways and protein interactions through mRNA therapeutics and immunomodulation techniques. Precision medicine shows promise in cardiovascular pharmacology by enabling targeted drug delivery and minimizing side effects. The review discusses AI-assisted drug discovery tools for individualized therapy and future prospects in nucleic acid-based treatments like antisense oligonucleotide therapeutics, aptamer therapy, siRNA-mediated treatments and gene slicing in precision medicine.