Review ArticleJournal of Young PharmacistsVol. 18 | Issue 1 | 2026 | pp. 127–135Open access
Quality by Design-Based Formulation and Evaluation of Gastroretentive Floating Tablets of Tramadol Hydrochloride
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- 1 Department of Pharmaceutics, Royal College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Andhapasara Road, Berhampur, Odisha, INDIA.
Published in Journal of Young Pharmacists
Correspondence: Asish Sahu
Department of Pharmaceutics, Royal College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Andhapasara Road, Berhampur, Odisha, INDIA.
Email: asishsahu24@gmail.com
Copyright: © 2026 Manuscript Technomedia. This is an open access article.
- Published:
- Mar 25, 2026
- Received:
- Nov 24, 2025
- Accepted:
- Mar 9, 2026
- DOI:
- 10.5530/jyp.20250271
How to cite
Sahu, A., Mahapatra, A. K., Panigrahi, R., Choudhury, P. K., & Nahak, A. (2026). Quality by Design-Based Formulation and Evaluation of Gastroretentive Floating Tablets of Tramadol Hydrochloride. Journal of Young Pharmacists, 18(1), 127–135. https://doi.org/10.5530/jyp.20250271
Abstract
Objectives
The current research is aimed to design and development of a Floating Drug Delivery System (FDDS) for tramadol HCl by enhancing the gastric residence time and by releasing the drug at the targeted site.
Materials and Methods
The formulations were developed by using xanthan gum, HPMC K100M CR, and a combination of both the drug and excipient compatibility study was determined by IR and DSC studies. Quality by Design (QbD) approach was implemented to optimize floating formulations, which were evaluated for the pattern of drug release, floating properties, and dissolution data.
Results
The formulation F8, which consists of HPMC K100M CR and xanthan gum (15% + 10% of tablet weight), was identified as the optimal formulation based on improved sustained release of over 90%, buoyancy lag time of 10 sec and a total buoyancy time of 24 hr. Accelerated stability studies were conducted at 40 ± 2℃ for 30 days on the optimized formulations, and it was observed that there were no significant changes during or after the period.
Conclusion
Optimized floating tablets of tramadol HCl showed a buoyancy time of over 24 hr, and a rapid floating action was observed. The drug release followed non-Fickian diffusion (n = 0.605).
Keywords
Subject
Article metadata
| Title | Quality by Design-Based Formulation and Evaluation of Gastroretentive Floating Tablets of Tramadol Hydrochloride |
|---|---|
| Authors | Asish Sahu; Anjan Kumar Mahapatra; Rajeshree Panigrahi; Prasanta Kumar Choudhury; Ajit Nahak |
| Affiliations | Department of Pharmaceutics, Royal College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Andhapasara Road, Berhampur, Odisha, INDIA. |
| Corresponding author | asishsahu24@gmail.com |
| Journal | Journal of Young Pharmacists |
| Volume / Issue | Vol. 18, Issue 1 (2026) |
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