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Original ArticlePharmacognosy CommunicationsVol. 10 | Issue 1 | 2020 | pp. 2–6Open access
In vitro Antiplasmodial and Cytotoxic activity of Three Medicinal Plants used Traditionally for Treatment of Malaria
- 1,2*,
- 1,
- 3,
- 3,
- 4,
- 5,
- 5
- 1 Institute of Traditional Medicine, Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences, P.O. Box 65001, Dar es Salaam, TANZANIA.
- 2 Department of Chemical Science and Technology, Technical University of Kenya, P.O. Box 52428- 00200, Nairobi, KENYA.
- 3 Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Mississippi, P.O Box 1848-38677, USA.
- 4 Department of Traditional Medicine Research, National Institute for Medical Research, P.O. Box 9653, Dar es Salaam, TANZANIA.
- 5 Department of Chemistry, University of Nairobi, P.O. Box 30197, Chiromo Road, Nairobi, KENYA.
Published in Pharmacognosy Communications
Correspondence: Ruth Anyango Omole
Institute of Traditional Medicine, Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences, P.O. Box 65001, Dar es Salaam, TANZANIA.; Department of Chemical Science and Technology, Technical University of Kenya, P.O. Box 52428- 00200, Nairobi, KENYA.
Email: oruth2002@yahoo.com
Copyright: © 2020 Manuscript Technomedia. This is an open access article.
- Published:
- Jan 2, 2020
- DOI:
- 10.5530/pc.2020.1.2
How to cite
Omole, R. A., Moshi, M. J., Ilias, M., Larry, W., Malebo, H. M., Omosa, L. K., & Midiwo, J. O. (2020). In vitro Antiplasmodial and Cytotoxic activity of Three Medicinal Plants used Traditionally for Treatment of Malaria. Pharmacognosy Communications, 10(1), 2–6. https://doi.org/10.5530/pc.2020.1.2
Abstract
Introduction: Reports of emergence of Artemisinin Combination Therapies (ACTs) resistant malaria parasites in Greater Mekong region and Equatorial Guinea, is a strong reason necessitating increased efforts to discover new antimalarial compounds with novel mechanisms of action. Plants have potential to yield new antiplasmodial compounds. This study investigated the safety and efficacy of three plants; Bersama abyssinica Fresen, Rubus keniensis Standl and Hypoestes verticillaris (L.f.) Sol. ex Roem. and Schult that are used by the Ogiek community of Kenya for treatment of malaria. Methodology: The crude extracts were tested for in vitro antimalarial activity using Plasmodium falciparum strains W2 (chloroquine resistant) and D6 (chloroquine sensitive). Safety evaluation was done using monkey kidney Vero cells and the brine shrimp lethality test. Results: Dichloromethane: methanol (1:1) and 5% aqueous methanol extracts of the three plants exhibited in vitro antiplasmodial activity against the W2 and D6 Plasmodium falciparum strains with IC50= 12.11–19.18 μg/mL, 5.46-7.04 μg/mL and 9.82 – 34.52 μg/mL, respectively. H. verticillaris extracts were the most active against the two Plasmodium falciparum strains. The dichloromethane: methanol extracts of the three plants exhibited lower toxicity on monkey kidney Vero cells relative to antiplasmodial activity as compared to the 5% aqueous methanol extracts. The mean Vero cells: parasite selectivity index of the dichloromethane: methanol extracts was (4.8), B. abyssinica (3.75) and R. keniensis (1.9), while for the 5% aqueous methanol extracts they were H. verticillaris (1.0), B. abyssinica (1.95) and R. keniensis (1.75). A similar toxicity profile was exhibited by brine shrimp lethality results. Conclusion: The results support the use of the three plants for the treatment of malaria. Therefore, they have potential to yield safe and effective compounds targeting P. falciparum malaria.
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Article metadata
| Title | In vitro Antiplasmodial and Cytotoxic activity of Three Medicinal Plants used Traditionally for Treatment of Malaria |
|---|---|
| Authors | Ruth Anyango Omole; Mainen Julius Moshi; Muhammad Ilias; Walker Larry; Hamisi M. Malebo; Leonida Kerubo Omosa; Jacob O. Midiwo |
| Affiliations | Institute of Traditional Medicine, Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences, P.O. Box 65001, Dar es Salaam, TANZANIA.; Department of Chemical Science and Technology, Technical University of Kenya, P.O. Box 52428- 00200, Nairobi, KENYA.; Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Mississippi, P.O Box 1848-38677, USA.; Department of Traditional Medicine Research, National Institute for Medical Research, P.O. Box 9653, Dar es Salaam, TANZANIA.; Department of Chemistry, University of Nairobi, P.O. Box 30197, Chiromo Road, Nairobi, KENYA. |
| Corresponding author | oruth2002@yahoo.com |
| Journal | Pharmacognosy Communications |
| Volume / Issue | Vol. 10, Issue 1 (2020) |
Also in this issue
- Editorialpp. 1–1
- Rosa canina L. Fruit Extracts Inhibit the Growth of Bacterial Triggers of some Autoimmune Inflammatory Diseases and Potentiate the activity of Conventional Antibioticspp. 7–17
- Evaluation of Protective Effect of Glycyrrhiza glabra L. Extract on Isoniazid-Rifampicin Induced Hepatocellular Damage in Ratspp. 18–22
- Eucalyptus grandis W. Hill ex Maiden Leaf and Flower Extracts Lack Antibacterial activity and are Non-toxic in vitropp. 23–29
- The Inhibitory Activity of Banksia collina R.Br. and Banksia oblongifolia Cav. Methanolic Leaf Extracts against a Panel of Bacterial Pathogenspp. 30–36
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