Bioactive Compounds of Schefflera stellata (Geartn.) Baill. Leaf Methanolic Extract and their Cytotoxic Effect on Lung cancer Cell Line (A549)

Objectives: The present study was focused on the fractionation and isolation of biologically active plant secondary metabolites from methanol leaf extract of Schefflera stellata (Geartn.) Baill. and their cytotoxic effect were evaluated by performing an MTT assay over the Lung cancer cell line (A549). Materials and Methods: Bioactive molecules were fractioned and purified using Column and TLC. Purified constituents exhibit its antioxidant property by dot plot assay using DPPH method. The cytotoxic activity of the purified compound was evaluated by MTT assay. Results: Extraction, isolation, seperation of bioactive molecules from methanol leaf extract of Schefflera stellata (Geartn.) Baill. Using silica column chromatography. 32 fractions were obtained in column and subjected to TLC and dot plot assay by DPPH method. Out of 32 fractions, 2 fractions (D4 and D5) revealed the presence of antioxidant property and were characterized by GC-MS. D5 exhibit bioactive compound, which were taken for cytotoxic studies against lung cancer cell line by MTT assay, the cell viability was found to decrease with increasing concentration (50, 100, 150, 200, 250 μg/ml) with an IC₅₀ concentration of 150 μg/ml. Conclusion: The present study proves that the purified D5 compound of S. stellata (Geartn.) Baill. has the natural source of antioxidant, which possess the strong cytotoxic activity against lung cancer line (A549).