FTIR, HPLC, GC-MS Analysis and Investigation of Hypoglycemic Effects of Leaves Extracts of Fagonia indica

Introduction: The present study was aimed for phytochemical analysis, investigations of different functional groups, the hypoglycemic potential of Fagonia indica leaves extracts, Reverse phase high performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC) and gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy (GC-MS) analysis of the most active hypoglycemic methanol extract. Methods: After extraction using cold maceration method, phytochemical screening, Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, investigation of in vitro hypoglycemic potential of leaves extracts of the plant by α-glucosidase (sucrase) inhibitory assay were assessed using the standard methods. RP HPLC and GC-MS analysis of the most active methanol extract was done to identify various biologically active compounds. Results: Phytochemical analysis showed various phytochemicals in the plant. FTIR spectral analysis showed diagnostic peaks of various functional groups. Methanol extract of the plant leaves showed the highest sucrase inhibition (37.0±1.4%) at 100 μg/mL concentration. It was followed by aqueous extract (29.1±1%), chloroform extract (27.7±0.5%) and n-hexane extract (25.5±0.9%) at the same concentration. RP-HPLC and GC-MS analysis of methanol extract showed the presence of various compounds with specific retention times. Conclusion: The plant leaves possessed in vitro hypoglycemic potential with competitive inhibition of enzyme sucrase. Methanol extract is the most effective agent in managing diabetes due to the presence of bioactive phytocomponents.