Evaluation of Preliminary Phytochemical Screening, Estimation of Total Phenolic Content, and Antioxidant Potential of Amoora rohituka Roxb

Introduction

The present study aimed to evaluate the antioxidant activity of Amoora rohituka Roxb by assessing its phytochemical profile, total phenolic content, and DPPH radical scavenging potential.

Materials and Methods

Aqueous extract from the leaves of A. rohituka was prepared by cold maceration and fractionated using different solvents i.e, petroleum ether, chloroform, n-butanol, methanol, and water fractions according to the increasing order of polarity. All these fractions were then subjected to the qualitative phytochemical tests, phenolic content estimation, and DPPH radical scavenging anti-oxidant assay.

Results

Qualitative chemical tests revealed the presence of phenolics, tannins, terpenoids, saponins, and phytosterols in different proportions across the fractions. Among the fractions of A. rohituka leaf extract, the order of best total phenolic content and anti-oxidant capacity was found as follows: petroleum ether fraction, chloroform fraction, methanol fraction, n-buanol fraction, aqueous fraction. Among the various fractions of A. rohituka leaf extract, the petroleum ether fraction showed maximum phenolic content 657±0.33 GAE/mg (Gallic acid equivalent) and antioxidant capacity with the lowest IC₅₀ value (36.08±0.44 µg/mL).

Conclusion

A significant and linear relationship was found between the anti-oxidant activity and phenolic content among the fractions of A. rohituka leaf extract, indicating that phenolic compounds could be major contributors to the anti-oxidant activity. Since oxidative stress is one of the contributing factors for the pathophysiology of various diseases it can be concluded that the medicinal herb A. rohituka could be a potential source of evidence to evaluate the diseases related to oxidative stress.