GC-MS Phytochemical Profiling of Shatapaka Guduchi Taila with Therapeutic Insights into Vataraktam (ED-8 Rheumatoid Arthritis)

Background

Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA), classified as Vataraktam in Ayurveda (WHO ITA-5.30/NAMC ED-8), affects millions globally with chronic inflammation and joint damage. Shatapaka Guduchi Taila (SGT), a 100-cycle processed formulation of Guduchi (Tinospora cordifolia [Willd.] Miers), Tila Taila (Sesamum indicum L.) and Goksheera (cow milk), derived from classical Ayurveda texts Chakradutta, lacks systematic phytochemical documentation despite its proven role in Vataraktam management.

Aim and Objectives

This study uses Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis to examine the Shatapaka Guduchi Taila, intending to identify links between its medicinal properties and the biomolecules it comprises.

Materials and Methods

SGT was prepared as per Ayurvedic Pharmacopoeia Standards at GMP-certified IMPCOPS Ltd., Chennai. GC-MS analysis used Shimadzu QP2020 (hexane extract, 1 µL injection, helium carrier 1.0 mL/min, oven: 70-280°C). The compounds were identified after comparing the spectral configurations obtained with those of the available mass spectral database via the NIST 2020 library (SI ≥90%).

Results

Twelve compounds were detected, amongst which Cholesterol (49.06%, RT 34.292 min), 2,6-Bis(3,4-methylenedioxyphenyl)-3,7-dioxabicyclo (3.3.0) octane (32.69%), Beta-Sitosterol acetate (1.95%), Monolaurin (5.25%) dominated the chromatogram. The therapeutic profile showed antioxidant (6 compounds), anti-inflammatory (7), anti-cancer (4 compounds) and antimicrobial activities (4 compounds).

Conclusion

Shatapaka Guduchi Taila's phytosterol-lipid synergy supports Vataraktam modulation via ROS scavenging, cytokine suppression, aligning Ayurvedic sneha principles with Rheumatoid Arthritis therapeutics, warranting clinical validation.