Phytochemical Profiling of Mahapaisachika Ghrita Using GC-MS and Its Potential Neuroprotective Pathways in ADHD

Background

Ghrita is one of the most commonly used vehicles of medicine administration in Ayurveda. It owes its widespread usage to its capability to spread and target all organs and tissues within a short duration without altering the primary drug itself. Based on LBDDS (Lipid-Based-Drug-Delivery-Systems), ghrita facilitates enhanced bioavailability and solubilisation for both water and lipid soluble components. Classically in Ayurveda samhitas Mahapaisachika Ghrita is indicated in Unmada, Apasmara, Graha rogas and comprises herbal components such as Jatamansi, Haritaki, shankhapushpi, kapikacchu, vacha among others.

Objectives

This article aims to explore the biochemical and neuropharmacological effects of Mahapaisachika Ghrita and to highlight its possible key role in Ayurveda by way of management of conditions like ADHD.

Materials and Methods

Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry of the drug Mahapaisachika Ghrita was conducted to separate, identify and quantify the constituents present in the sample to be used for further interpretation of mode of action of the drug.

Results

30 major Phytochemicals along with their Peaks, R. times, area%, CAS and Names were identified through GCMS study of Mahapaisachika Ghrita.

Conclusion

Chemical constituents found in Mahapaisachika ghrita by GCMS study showed significant effect on reducing neuroinflammation and improved neuroprotection through various neural pathways. If given orally, it may be absorbed and distributed by altering the electrolyte-based transport systems, drug uptake, efflux and disposition and if administered as nasya, could act through lipid-mediated free diffusion directly across the blood brain barrier.