Angiopteris helferiana, a Fern with Great Potential Medicinal Value: Antiadipogenic, Anti‑Inflammatory, and Anti‑Diabetic Activity

Objective: In this study, we evaluated its anti‑oxidant, anti‑inflammatory, anti‑obesity, and antidiabetic activity in cell and animal mode. Materials and Methods: The rhizome of A. helferiana was extracted with methanol and fractionated to give dichloromethane, ethyl acetate (EA), butanol (BuOH), and water fractions. The residue was again re-extracted with water to give water extract. The anti‑oxidant property was measured using 1, 1‑diphenyl‑2‑picryl‑hydrazyl assay. The extract and fractions were evaluated for the α‑glycosidase inhibition activity. The antiadipogenic and anti‑inflammatory activity was studied in 3T3‑L1–L1 and RAW 264.7 cells, respectively. The inhibition of expression of adipogenic markers peroxisome proliferator‑activated receptor gamma (PPARγ), CCAAT enhancer binding protein alpha (C/EBPα) was studied in 3T3-L1 cells. The anti‑obesity and antidiabetic study was done in high‑fat diet mice model. Results: The EA, BuOH fraction, and water extract showed good anti‑oxidant and α‑glycosidase inhibition activity. EA fraction showed good anti‑inflammatory activity. EA and BuOH fraction showed good antiadipogenic activity, reducing significantly, the lipid and adipogenic markers (PPARγ, C/EBPα) in 3T3-L1 cells. The BuOH fraction at 300 mg/kg/day dose showed good anti‑obesity and antidiabetic activity in the in‑vivo study after the evaluation of body weight, blood lipid, blood glucose, and lipid accumulation in adipose tissue and liver. Conclusion: Overall, A. helferiana is a good source of anti‑oxidative, anti‑inflammatory, anti‑obesity, and antidiabetic component.