In vivo Evaluation of Acalypha indica Extract Incorporated Electrospun Guar/PVA Nanofibrous Mats for Use as Active Wound Dressing Material

Background: A. indica is a well‑known plant for its wound healing properties and has been used for decades by tribes of Asia and Africa. Materials and Methods: In vivo evaluation of fabricated electrospun nanofibrous mats with 5% A. indica incorporated 3:7 of 1 wt% guar/10 wt% PVA by excisional wound model on rats followed histopathological and gene expression analysis. Results: The results indicated that guar/PVA nanofiber loaded with 5% of A. indica extract showed higher performance and synergistic effect for wound healing applications by remarkably capable of healing the wounds up to 97.5% after 14 days post-treatment periods. Histopathology and gene expression results revealed complete closure of wound with narrow scar, complete epidermal–dermal lining formation, maximum upregulation of wound healing related genes of involucrin, collagen IV, integrin 6‑alpha, E‑cadherin, matrix metalloproteinase‑9, and vascular endothelial growth factor.