Sinomenine Activates Gut Innate Immune Response through the Aromatic Hydrocarbon Receptor by Regulating the IL‑23/IL‑17 Axis

Background: Sinomenine (SIN) plays a role in regulating intestinal immune inflammation, but its effect on the intestinal immune response is unclear.Objective: To investigate the potential mechanism of SIN in protecting intestinal immunity. Materials and Methods: The mechanism by which SIN regulates intestinal immunity was detected in RAW264.7 cells using enzyme‑linked immunosorbent assay, real‑time quantitative polymerase chain reaction, Western blotting, and immunohistochemical staining. Results: Compared with the control group, the LPS group has higher cell viability and inflammatory cytokines (interleukine‑1beta [IL‑1β], tumor necrosis factor α[TNF‑α], IL‑6, IL‑17A, and IL‑23), chemokine, and metalloproteinase levels. SIN significantly suppressed these increases. By contrast, aromatic hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) and IL‑10 levels were lower in the LPS group compared with the control group, and SIN treatment prevented increased these levels. Conclusion: SIN can activate the innate immune function of the intestinal tract by affecting the IL‑23/IL‑17 axis through the AhR.