Perioperative Administration of Oral Melatonin for Hemodynamic and Analgesic Control during Dental Implant Placement: A Clinical Study

Background: Despite melatonin’s established pharmacologic profile as an anxiolytic and antioxidant agent, its perioperative use in implant dentistry remains underexplored. As patient anxiety and hemodynamic fluctuations during oral surgical procedures can impact outcomes, investigating safe and effective premedication strategies is of clinical relevance. Aim: To evaluate the efficacy of oral melatonin in maintaining hemodynamic stability, and minimizing postoperative pain in patients undergoing implant placement. Materials and Methods: This clinical study included 80 systemically healthy participants aged 25-60 years, scheduled for single-tooth implant placement in the molar region. Participants were randomly assigned to receive either 6 mg oral melatonin or a placebo 30 min prior to surgery. Hemodynamic parameters-Systolic Blood Pressure (SBP), Diastolic Blood Pressure (DBP), and Heart Rate (HR)- were recorded at baseline (T0), 20 min into surgery (T1), and immediately postoperatively (T2). Postoperative pain was assessed using a visual analog scale (VAS). Statistical analysis included independent t-tests and repeated measures ANOVA (p<0.05 considered significant). Results: Melatonin significantly reduced postoperative pain (VAS: 3.54±0.19) compared to placebo (VAS: 6.89±0.25; p=0.000). Significant reductions in SBP, DBP, and HR were observed in the melatonin group across all time points (p<0.05), with significant intergroup differences at T1 and T2. No adverse effects were reported. Conclusion: Oral melatonin is a safe, effective, and well-tolerated premedication that stabilizes hemodynamic responses, and alleviates postoperative pain in implant patients.