Wound Healing and Antibacterial Activities of 2‑Pentadecanone in Streptozotocin‑Induced Type 2 Diabetic Rats

Objective: This study was aimed at evaluating 2‑P wound healing and anti‑bacterial activities. Materials and Methods: Fifteen streptozotocin‑induced type 2 diabetic Sprague Dawley rats were divided into negative (N), positive (P), and 2‑P treatment (2‑P) groups. 2‑P aqueous cream was applied daily to 5 mm excision wounds up to day 15. Wound closure rate was assessed by tracing the wound onto plastic sheets and were accessed using a stereoscope microscope. Antibacterial activity (minimal inhibition concentration and disc diffusion) was determined using the modified resazurin assay and Kirby‑Bauer method. The skin samples were excised on days 2, 7, and 15 and were analyzed by Hematoxylin/Eosin staining. Semi‑quantification analysis was done for re‑epithelialization, polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNL), and fibroblasts proliferation. Hydroxyproline (collagen deposition) and glutathione (antioxidant) activities were evaluated. Results: The results showed that 2‑P possess antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus. It demonstrated significantly higher wound closure compared with negative and positive groups. It showed a higher effect on epithelial cell migration (P < 0.05) and collagen deposition (P < 0.05) compared to negative control group. However, 2‑P effect on fibroblast proliferation (P > 0.05) and reduction in PMNL cells (P > 0.05) was not significantly different compared with negative control. Conclusion: It can be concluded that 2‑P reveals antibacterial activity, wound closure, collagen deposition, and fibroblast proliferation. Thus, we suggest that 2‑P has the potency to be used as an active ingredient in the formulation of a diabetic wound healing cream.