Vasorelaxant and Antioxidant Activity of Some Medicinal Plants from Campeche, Mexico

Aim: Methanol leaves extracts of these plants were use as raw material to develop a phytochemical, spectroscopy, and pharmacological analysis. Subjects and Methods: Methanol maceration was carried out and were compared in terms of yield extraction, chlorophyll, simple phenolic and flavonoids content, antioxidant activity (DPPH and β‑Carotene bleaching models), as well as isolated aorta rings (E+), precontracted with noradrenaline. Results: Best content of simple phenolic and flavonoids compounds was recorder in B. alicastrum, J. gaumeri and T. diffusa. J. gaumeri extract exert an antioxidant (β‑carotene bleaching: EC50: 0.8 ± 0.1 µg/mL, Emax: 85.7% ± 0.4%; DPPH: EC50: 60.3 ± 1.8 µg/mL, Emax: 60.4% ± 1.8%; P < 0.05) and vasorelaxant (EC50: 161.61 ± 7.45 µg/mL; Emax: 79.71% ± 3.88%; P < 0.05) activity in a concentration dependent‑manner. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy analysis allowed estimating a 1.26 and 2.28% of quercetin (Q) and gallic acid (GA) in J. gaumeri. GA exerts antioxidant activity in DPPH model (EC50: 1.6 ± 0.2 µg/mL; Emax: 92.9% ± 3.3%) and Q/GA (1:2) mixture improves inhibition of β‑carotene bleaching (EC50: 0.005 ± 0.005 µg/mL; Emax: 69.2% ± 0.7%; P < 0.05). Conclusion: J. gaumeri is a medicinal plant employed in Mayan traditional medicine and GA and Q could be related to traditional uses, as well as responsible for the pharmacological effects. GA and Q interactions improve inhibition β‑Carotene bleaching activity, which suggests greater solubility in lipophilic systems and potential interactions at the plasma membrane level.