Goniothalamin Alleviates Inflammation and Arthritic Markers in Adjuvant‑Induced Arthritis in Rats

Background: Goniothalamin (GTN) is a well‑known styryl lactone that possesses anti‑inflammatory and anticancer properties. In this study, we evaluated the potential of GTN on experimental arthritis based on the complete Freund’s adjuvant (CFA)‑induced arthritis model in rats and the effect was compared with standard drug. Materials and Methods: The animals were divided into six groups: normal, CFA, CFA + indomethacin (10 mg/kg bw), CFA + GTN (50 mg/kg bw), CFA + GTN (100 mg/kg bw), and GTN (100 mg/kg bw) alone. The antiarthritic activity of GTN was measured by paw thickness, arthritic score, body weight, organ weight, biochemical markers, inflammatory mediators, and histopathologic analysis of ankle joints. Results: GTN significantly reduced the paw thickness, arthritic score, body weight changes, and organ weight. It reduced the levels of C‑reactive protein, alkaline phosphatase, rheumatoid factor, and proinflammatory cytokines in a dose‑dependent manner. It also minimized the histopathologic changes in ankle joints induced by CFA in a dose‑dependent manner. Conclusion: These results demonstrate that GTN is effective against inflammation and is an alternative agent for the management of arthritis.